中国是第二次世界大战的主要参战国之一，是盟军中仅次于美苏英的四号国家。二战后，中国顺理成章地成为了四大战胜国之一，地位还在法国之上。不过一直以来，经常有人质疑中国的四大国地位，认为中国做出的贡献远远比不上美苏英，事实上，这种说法是绝对错误的，中国为二战做出了巨大贡献。在美版知乎Quora上，印度网友荒唐提问道：为什么在第二次世界大战期间做得不多的中国在联合国安理会拥有常任理事国席位，但贡献很大的印度、澳大利亚、加拿大、新西兰却没有获得？这一问题引起广泛的争议，我们看看海外专家网友的观点。
问题
海外网友凯西•迈克比的回答
To understand the challenges China faced in World War II, let's compare China's performance with that of other allies who fought against Japan.
为了了解中国在二战中面临的挑战，让我们将中国的表现与其他抗击日本的盟国进行对比。
French: Do you believe that Japan will drive the French out of the Federation of Indochina within a week? What about the Nazis defeating the French in France within a month?
法国人：日本在一周内将法国人赶出印度支那联邦，不信吗？那么纳粹在一个月内就在法国击败了法国人呢？
法国投降
British: Japan drove the British out of Malaysia and Singapore within two months. Japan has about 30000 soldiers in total, while Britain has about 90000 soldiers.
英国人：日本在两个月内将英国人赶出马来西亚和新加坡，日本总共约30000名士兵，而英国约90000名士兵。
The joint forces of Britain, the Netherlands, the United States and Australia: about 150000 people fought with 50000 Japanese troops and were defeated within three months.
英国、荷兰、美国和澳大利亚联合部队：约150000人与50000名日军作战，在3个月内被击溃。
The United States: The United States performed best in the fight against Japan in Asia. 150000 US troops stationed in the Philippines successfully held 130000 Japanese troops for five months before surrendering and losing the Philippines.
美国：美国在亚洲对日本的战斗中表现最好。15万驻菲律宾美军在投降并失去菲律宾之前，成功拖住13万日军5个月。
Let's look at China at that time. China is so short of equipment, training, materials, command system and technology that before the war broke out, the Japanese fascist army believed in the slogan of "three days to capture Shanghai, three months to destroy China" and believed that they could occupy China within three months.
让我们看看当时的中国。中国的装备、训练、物资、指挥系统和技术如此匮乏，以至于在战争爆发前，日本法西斯军队信奉“三天攻占上海，三个月灭亡中国”的口号，相信他们可以在三个月内占领中国。
On the contrary, China and Japan fought for eight years, forcing Japan to send 4 million troops to China's war zones. After losing the coastal areas that are difficult to defend, China has basically reached a stalemate with Japan on the mainland of China. The Chinese made up for their extremely inferior equipment and materials with their blood. China has the largest number of generals killed in battle because they refused to retreat and chose the last war to rally their troops against a powerful industrialized enemy.
事实正好相反，中国与日本打了8年仗，迫使日本向中国战区派遣400万军队。在失去难以防御的沿海地区后，中国基本上在中国内地与日本打到了相持不下的地步。中国人用他们的鲜血弥补了他们极为劣质的设备和物资。中国在战斗中死亡的将军人数最多，因为他们拒绝撤退，并选择了最后一战，以集结军队对抗一个强大的工业化敌人。
It can be said that there may be a gap in training and equipment between the French, British, Dutch and American troops in Asia and their own troops, but I can assure you that they are well equipped and well trained compared with China. Even the Nazis admired their brave and fearless Soviets, but the Chinese militia had almost nothing.
可以说，法国、英国、荷兰和美国在亚洲的部队与他们本国的部队相比，训练和装备可能有差距，但我可以向你保证，与中国相比，他们装备精良，训练有素。即使是纳粹钦佩其英勇无畏的苏联人，也有佩刀参加战斗，而中国的民兵几乎一无所有。
Therefore, theoretically speaking, China is a weak ally. But in terms of actual performance, China's performance is much better.
所以，从理论上讲，中国是盟国中实力较弱的。但就实际表现而言，中国表现要好得多。
英国网友埃夫韦耶的回答
Denmark and Luxembourg resisted for one day, the Netherlands for five days, Yogoslav for 11 days, France for 40 days, and Greece for 56 days.
丹麦和卢森堡抵抗了一天，荷兰抵抗了5天，约戈斯拉夫抵抗了11天，法国抵抗了40天，希腊抵抗了56天。
China persisted for more than 4500 days (14 years from 1931.9.18 to 1945.8.15).
中国，坚持了4500多天（从1931.9.18年到1945.8.15年，14年）。
China is not the weakest member, at least non major countries like Denmark and Luxembourg are the weakest. China may be the only major ally that has not entered an industrialized society, but it has invested far more manpower and resources to end this war than Britain, France and other countries.
中国并不是最弱的成员，至少像丹麦和卢森堡这样的非大国是最弱的。中国可能是主要盟国中唯一没有进入工业化社会 的，但它为结束这场战争投入的人力和资源远远超过了英法等国。
When the European powers cancelled the policy of appeasement, China began the Pacific part of World War II. China lost more than 10 million lives (about 3 million soldiers and 7 million civilians) in this war due to the brutal and shameless slaughter carried out by the crazy Japanese army, which is second only to the Soviet Union.
当欧洲列强取消绥靖政策时，中国开始了第二次世界大战的太平洋部分。由于疯狂的日本军队所进行的残忍无耻的屠杀，中国在这场战争中损失了超过1000万人的生命（约300万士兵和700万平民），仅次于苏联。
Unlike the Soviet Union, China's military casualties were caused by inadequate military equipment. China lacks a heavy military industry to produce fighter planes or tanks. Like the Poles, they fought against tanks and artillery regardless of everything, but succeeded in the end.
与苏联不同，中国的军事伤亡是由军队的装备不足造成的。中国缺乏生产战斗机或坦克的重型军事工业。就像波兰人一样，他们不顾一切地与坦克和大炮作战，但却成功地坚持到了最后。
The Allies also needed China's resistance, because China prevented British India and Japan from invading the Far East of the Soviet Union, and consumed most of Japan's manpower. During the war, more than half of the Japanese divisions were stationed in China. In 1937, Japan used almost all available force in Shanghai in an attempt to destroy China within three months.
盟国也需要中国的抵抗，因为中国阻止了英属印度和苏联远东地区的日本全面入侵，并消耗了日本的大部分人力。战争期间，超过一半的日本师驻扎在中国。1937年，日本在上海动用了几乎所有可用武力，妄图在三个月内摧毁了中国。
China has done little? Data speaks for itself. By 1945, 5.7 million militiamen (including local warlords) and 1.2 million activists of alles had participated in the War of Resistance.
中国做得很少？数据说明一切。到1945年，570万民兵（包括地方军阀）和120万各阶级积极分子参加了抗日战争。
Between 3000000 and 3750000+Chinese troops have sacrificed their lives, including civilians and soldiers. In order to drive the aggressors out of their homes, 20 million people died.
3000000至3750000+中国军队牺牲了自己的生命，包括平民和军人在内，为了将侵略者赶出家园，共有2000万人死亡。
In the war. China was the first ally to fight against the enemy. Before Japan bombed Pearl Harbor in Hawaii in 1941, China had fought with Japan alone for four years without any foreign assistance. In general, China's War of Resistance Against Japan has lasted for eight years, and the Northeast people have had to endure 14 years of suffering. This is not a "small contribution".
在战争中。中国是第一个与敌人作战的盟国，在1941年日本轰炸夏威夷珍珠港之前，中国已经在没有任何外国援助的情况下独自与日本作战了4年。总的来说，中国抗日战争已经持续了8年，东北人民不得不忍受14年的苦难。这可不是“小贡献”。
From 1937 to 1941, weak China resisted Japan, which was more industrialized (militarized). This was after the six year local war that began in 1931.
从1937年到1941年，虚弱的中国抵御了工业化程度更高（军事化程度更高）的日本。这已经是在1931年开始的六年局部战争之后。
Before the United States entered the war, China paid a considerable price in terms of territory, resources and human life, making 80% of Japan's war machine in trouble, mostly on its own.
在美国参战之前，中国在领土、资源和人命方面付出了相当大的代价，使日本80%的战争机器陷入了困境，大部分都是靠自己。
The Japanese Supreme Command confidently boasted that the Japanese army would defeat China in less than three months, but found itself in a lot of difficulties until Japan was defeated and finally surrendered. Finally, 70% of the Japanese casualties continued to fight in China.
日本最高司令部自信地吹嘘说，日本军队将在不到三个月的时间内击败中国，但却发现自己陷入了重重困境，直至日本战败并最终投降。最后，70%的日本伤亡人员是在中国持续战斗。
Now if you think about it, how much did China sacrifice to fight against fascism? Was his contribution the weakest or the strongest?
现在你再想想，中国为了抗击法西斯牺牲了多少，他的贡献最弱还是最强？
外国网友尼卡龙的回答
If you are a relatively comprehensive national power. China was indeed the weakest. If you compare the efforts and spiritual strength of the army under the condition of limited resources. China may be the strongest.
如果你是一个比较综合的国力，中国当时确实是最弱的。如果你比较一下在有限资源条件下军队的这种努力和精神力量，中国可能是最强的。
In the whole war process, China was more intelligent than Japan in strategy. In fact, the tactical level was not much different, but the material level was too much worse. Don't be misled by China's vast land and huge population. Modern wars have nothing to do with population, but with the industrial base.
在整个战争过程中，中国在战略上比日本更聪明，战术层面实际上没有太大不同，但是物质层面差太多了。不要被中国广袤的土地和庞大的人口所误导，现代战争与人口无关，而与工业基础有关。
At that time, the steel output of China's industrial base was only a few tenths of that of Japan, which should be dozens of times that of China. With steel, you can make all kinds of weapons. At that time, China was still an agricultural society.
当时，中国的工业基地钢铁产量仅为十分之几日本的钢铁产量应该是中国的几十倍。用钢铁，你可以制造各种武器。当时中国还是个农业社会。
China is an agricultural country, while Japan is an industrialized country. At that time, China's political system was torn apart by warlords. The internal conflict and war made the whole country of Japan aim at China in collective coordination.
中国是一个农业国家，日本是一个工业化国家。中国当时军阀混战，政治体系四分五裂。国内冲突和战争，使得日本整个国家的集体协同，瞄准中国。
The Japanese army received more scientific training. The Chinese army can only directly gather some farmers and send them to the battlefield after several days of training. They didn't even fire a few shots before the war, just to train their marksmanship without enough bullets.
日本军队接受了更多的科学训练。中国军队则只能直接召集一些农民，经过几天的训练后直接将他们送往战场。他们甚至在开战前都没开过几枪，就是为了在没有足够子弹的情况下训练枪法。
Japan can make planes, tanks and artillery, while China has a very limited number of rifles. At that time, China was a peasant country, and the people generally did not receive any education. The minimum technical work is also incompetent.
日本可以制造飞机、坦克和大炮，而中国连步枪数量都十分有限。当时中国是一个农民国家，人民一般没有受过任何教育。最低限度的技术工作也不称职。
At that time, China's government system and social structure was an ancient government structure, rather than a modern national structure. The force bifurcation arms of these two structures are in exponential form.
当时，中国的政府体制和社会结构是一种古老的政府结构，而不是现代的国家结构。这两种结构的力分叉臂呈指数形式。
It is under such circumstances that China can drag Japan a whole lot. It can withstand Japan for eight years. In my opinion, the Chinese are great. This is the best result that the smartest strategy can achieve.
正是在这种情况下，中国可以拖了日本整整。可以抵挡日本八年，在我看来，中国人很伟大。这是最聪明的策略可以实现的最好结果。
Any country, whether Americans, Germans, French, Soviets, Italians, or even Japanese themselves, can only master the Chinese economy and culture at that time. They may not perform better than the Chinese in terms of the social structure, industrial and social conditions of the environmental political system.
任何国家，无论是美国人、德国人、法国人、苏联人、意大利人，甚至日本人自己，他们只能掌握当时中国人的经济文化。环境政治制度的社会结构，工业和社会条件他们可能无法比中国人表现更好。
Look at the Russians and the French. They are an industrial country, and their performance in the fight against Germany, especially the French, is a joke. They have the same industrial base, economic base, civilization and structure as Germany.
看看俄罗斯人和法国人。他们是一个工业国，在反抗德国这个工业国的战斗中的表现，尤其是法国人，是个笑话。他们拥有与德国完全相同的工业基础、经济基础、文明和结构。
Therefore, if you observe China's performance at that time, you should view it according to China's specific conditions and various resource conditions at that time. You know that the Chinese army is very powerful.
因此，如果你观察中国当时的表现，你应该根据当时中国的具体情况和各种资源条件来看待它。你知道中国军队很强大。
But if you only look at the overall results on the surface, China's achievements at that time were not outstanding, because China was very backward in all aspects. As long as China has fully straightened out these aspects, Japan will not be an adversary at all, even if the United States is not necessarily an adversary.
但如果你只看表面上的总体结果，中国当时的战果并不突出，这是因为中国的各个方面都非常落后。只要中国完全理顺了这些方面，日本就根本不是对手，即使美国也不一定是对手。
At the end of the Second World War, the Chinese expeditionary force in Myanmar could basically keep pace with Japan, because the weapons and equipment had been trained and they had caught up.
在第二次世界大战后期，中国驻缅甸远征军基本上可以与日本并驾齐驱，因为武器装备都经过训练，他们已经赶上了。
Later, supporting Vietnam's war against France and the Korean War showed that the Chinese army could not compete with China only by providing them with sufficient political conditions, weapons and equipment, and adequate training for all Western countries, whether France, Germany or the United States.
后来，支持越南对法国的战争以及朝鲜战争表明，中国军队只需要给他们足够的政治条件、武器装备和足够的训练所有西方国家，无论是法国、德国还是美国，都无法与中国匹敌。
If Japan invades China in the past decade, after China has one of the most basic conditions for industrialization, Japan will not be able to move at all. They chose one of the most vulnerable periods in China.
如果日本在过去十年内入侵中国，在中国拥有最基本的工业化条件之一之后，日本将根本无法移动。他们选择了中国最脆弱的时期之一。
I don't think the United States or Germany or the Soviet Union would perform better than China in the environment that China was in at that time.
让美国人在那时在中国处于的这种环境下，我不认为美国或德国、苏联会比中国表现更好。
Western countries have no special talents in military affairs. They are strong because the national strength of the whole country is strong.
西方国家在军事上没有任何特殊人才。他们之所以强大，是因为整个国家的国力强大。
国际关系观察家高塔姆的回答
There are two obvious misunderstandings about this issue.
关于这个问题有两个明显的误解。
First of all, China made important contributions and made great sacrifices in the Second World War.
首先，中国在第二次世界大战中做出了重要贡献，做出了巨大牺牲。
From Japan's invasion of Northeast China in 1931 to Japan's declaration of surrender in 1945, the Chinese people fought with the Japanese in their own motherland for 14 years, sacrificing more than 35 million lives.
从1931年日本侵略中国东北到1945年日本宣布投降，中国人民在自己的祖国与日本人作战了14年，牺牲了3500多万人的生命。
As a backward agricultural country, China's military strength is far lower than that of the Japanese aggressors. In the past 14 years, China has lost most of its cities, but we have not given up resistance. We have attracted millions of Japanese troops to the Chinese battlefield, making it difficult for the Japanese to obtain human, mineral, oil and food supplements from China.
作为一个落后的农业国家，中国的军事实力远远低于日本侵略者。14年来，中国失去了大部分城市，但我们没有放弃抵抗。我们吸引了数以百万计的日本军队来到中国战场，使日本人很难从中国获得人体、矿物、石油和食品补充剂。
China did not sink the Japanese aircraft carrier and throw incendiary bombs at Tokyo as the United States did, but we paid everything for the ultimate victory. China has contained nearly half of the Japanese army and a small part of the air force, giving the Pacific allies an advantage in terms of time and strength.
中国没有像美国那样击沉日本航空母舰并向东京投掷燃烧弹，但我们为最终胜利付出了一切。中国遏制了近一半的日本军队和一小部分的空军，使太平洋盟国在时间和力量上更有优势。
Second, it is naive to think that the UN Security Council seats are determined by the scale of contributions made in World War II.
第二，认为联合国安理会的席位是由二战所做的贡献规模决定的，就太天真了。
安理会现场
The criterion for the permanent membership of the Security Council is whether there is enough influence and strength to ensure that no action against the will of the country will take place in a region.
安全理事会常任理事国席位的标准是，是否有足够的影响力和力量来确保一个区域内不会发生违背该国意愿的行动。
The UN Security Council maintains world peace by coordinating the interests of major countries. The significance of the veto power of the permanent members on resolutions lies in clearly stating their positions and preventing miscalculation.
联合国安理会通过协调大国利益维护世界和平。常任理事国对决议的否决权的意义在于明确表明其立场并防止误判。
Therefore, the logic should be that a country has enough power, and the United Nations gives it the veto power, rather than the United Nations gives it the veto power, and gives it enough power.
因此，逻辑应该是，一个国家拥有足够的权力，联合国给予它否决权，而不是联合国给予其否决权，赋予它足够的权力。
The way to obtain the veto power is just to show your power to the world, just like in the Korean battlefield, China fought a war with all the permanent members of the Security Council, but did not lose the war.
获得否决权的方法只是向世界展示你的力量，就像朝鲜战场上，中国当时与安理会所有常任理事国进行了战争，但没有输掉这场战争一样。
Your power is your veto power. Because what happened in the past, no one gives you the right you don't deserve.
你的权力就是你的否决权。因为过去发生的事情，没有人给你不应得的权利。
