ASP.NETCore知识速递-Day6:每天进步一点

程序员有二十年 2024-10-14 17:42:25
这节我们讲解如何使用APS.NET Core 文件处理,文件处理是我们开发系统中经常会用到的,在ASP.NET Core中如何接受客户端上传到服务器的文件呢?我们通过一个Demo例子来做演示,新建一个空的ASP.NET Core 模板,添加如下代码:var app = WebApplication.Create();app.MapGet("", async context =>{ context.Response.Headers.Append("content-type", "text/html;charset=utf-8"); var body = $@" <html> <head> <link href='https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.5.2/css/bootstrap.min.css' rel='stylesheet' /> <style> body {{ background-color: #f4f4f4; height: 100vh; display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; }} .upload-container {{ background-color: white; padding: 40px; border-radius: 10px; box-shadow: 0 4px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1); width: 400px; }} .custom-file-input {{ cursor: pointer; }}</style> </head> <body> <div='upload-container'> <h1='text-center mb-4'>上传文件</h1> <form action='Upload' method='post' enctype='multipart/form-data'> <div='form-group'> <div='custom-file'> <input type='file'='custom-file-input' id='customFile' name='file'> <label='custom-file-label' for='customFile'>选择文件</label> </div> </div> <button type='submit'='btn btn-primary btn-block'>上传</button> </form> </div> <script src='https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.5.1.slim.min.js'></script> <script src='https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@4.5.2/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js'></script> <script> // Update the label of the file input with the selected file name $('.custom-file-input').on('change', function (e) {{ var fileName = e.target.files[0].name; $(this).next('.custom-file-label').html(fileName); }});</script> </body> </html>"; await context.Response.WriteAsync(body);});app.MapPost("Upload", async context =>{ if (context.Request.HasFormContentType) { var form = await context.Request.ReadFormAsync(); foreach (var f in form.Files) { using (var body = f.OpenReadStream()) { var fileName = Path.Combine(app.Environment.ContentRootPath, f.FileName); File.WriteAllBytes(fileName, ReadFully(body)); await context.Response.WriteAsync($"上传文件被写入到 {fileName}"); } } } await context.Response.WriteAsync("");});app.Run();static byte[] ReadFully(Stream input){ byte[] buffer = new byte[16 * 1024]; using var ms = new MemoryStream(); int read; while ((read = input.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)) > 0) { ms.Write(buffer, 0, read); } return ms.ToArray();}

在上面代码中,我们首先从服务器端输出一个HTML的页面,我们基于这个页面上传文件并在服务器端接收文件,我们在服务器中从Request中读取我们的文件,并获取到上传的文件,后续可以根据自己的业务系统来处理。

效果如下:

注意在上传文件时,我们客户端提交表单要以Form的方式去提交(也叫做 multipart/form-data)。

在接收文件时,除了上面方法我们还可以使用模型绑定的方式接收文件,接收多个文件时使用IFormFileCollection类型,接收单个文件时使用IFormFile类型。

源代码地址:

https://github.com/bingbing-gui/AspNetCore-Skill/tree/master/src/aspnetcore-knowledge-point/form-upload-file

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程序员有二十年

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