PowerShell系列（九）PowerShellCmdlet概念介绍

今天给大家讲解PowerShell Cmdlet概念介绍，希望对大家学习PowerShell能有所帮助！

大家可能对cmd命令比较熟悉cmd就是Windows系统命令行窗口执行的命令，微软为了和传统的Shell命令区分，所以重新起了一个名词“Cmdlet”专门给PowerShell配套使用，Cmdlet可以理解为在PowerShell环境中执行的命令，并且依赖于PowerShell环境才可以执行。

注意：Cmdlet必须有Net环境支持，否则就会报错。

传统CMD是32位的命令行程序【cmd.exe】，继承DOS操作模式，是Windows系统的‘标配’组件，可执行Windows命令和BAT文件，CMD只能执行基本的任务，本身并没有集成太多的功能。

Cmdlet是PowerShell的命令，所有的cmdlet命令都遵循动词-名词这样语法结构，PowerShell提供了Get-Command这个强大的命令，可以查找所有的cmdlet命令。它拥有强大的第三方类库支持，可以实现非常复杂的运维任务和数据处理分析。

属于Net类实例化编译后的可执行脚本程序。

Cmdlet不负责错误处理和数据输出，依赖于PowerShell本身的运行环境来处理

Cmdlet采用管道进行对象处理，而非文本数据流，也支持把Cmdlet的执行结果作为对象传递到管道。

Cmdlet一次只能面对一个对象实现处理操作

PowerShell功能非常强大也了兼容旧版的cmd shell，具体支持下面几种类型的命令

Cmdlet命令：Cmdlet命令属于PowerShell的“亲儿子”，所有命令都可以支持，还包括基于PowerShell构建的别名命令。

CMD命令：为了兼容旧版的命令行窗口，支持除别名以外所有的命令。所以大家使用cmd 别名命令要注意一下。

Bat脚本：对应cmd shell支持的bat脚本，它也支持。

VBS脚本：也支持VBS脚本命令的执行。

Function：当然也支持PowerShell Function的功能函数。

Cmdlet命令的更加人性化便于理解，如果没有使用别名的情况下，它的命令格式统一都是

动词+名词 这样的格式更容易书写也更容易理解。

执行如下命令：

查询当前环境支持的命令

CommandType Name Version Source

----------- ---- ------- ------

Alias Add-AppPackage 2.0.1.0 Appx

Alias Add-AppPackageVolume 2.0.1.0 Appx

Alias Add-AppProvisionedPackage 3.0 Dism

Alias Add-ProvisionedAppPackage 3.0 Dism

Alias Add-ProvisionedAppxPackage 3.0 Dism

Alias Add-ProvisioningPackage 3.0 Provisioning

Alias Add-TrustedProvisioningCertificate 3.0 Provisioning

Alias Apply-WindowsUnattend 3.0 Dism

Alias Begin-WebCommitDelay 1.0.0.0 WebAdministration

Alias Disable-PhysicalDiskIndication 2.0.0.0 Storage

Alias Disable-StorageDiagnosticLog 2.0.0.0 Storage

Alias Dismount-AppPackageVolume 2.0.1.0 Appx

Alias Enable-PhysicalDiskIndication 2.0.0.0 Storage

Alias Enable-StorageDiagnosticLog 2.0.0.0 Storage

Alias End-WebCommitDelay 1.0.0.0 WebAdministration

Alias Flush-Volume 2.0.0.0 Storage

Alias Get-AppPackage 2.0.1.0 Appx

Alias Get-AppPackageDefaultVolume 2.0.1.0 Appx

Alias Get-AppPackageLastError 2.0.1.0 Appx

Alias Get-AppPackageLog 2.0.1.0 Appx

Alias Get-AppPackageManifest 2.0.1.0 Appx

Alias Get-AppPackageVolume 2.0.1.0 Appx

Alias Get-AppProvisionedPackage 3.0 Dism

Alias Get-DiskSNV 2.0.0.0 Storage

Alias Get-Language 1.0 LanguagePackManagement

Alias Get-PhysicalDiskSNV 2.0.0.0 Storage

Alias Get-PreferredLanguage 1.0 LanguagePackManagement

Alias Get-ProvisionedAppPackage 3.0 Dism

Alias Get-ProvisionedAppxPackage 3.0 Dism

Alias Get-StorageEnclosureSNV 2.0.0.0 Storage

Alias Get-SystemLanguage 1.0 LanguagePackManagement

Alias Initialize-Volume 2.0.0.0 Storage

Alias Mount-AppPackageVolume 2.0.1.0 Appx

Alias Move-AppPackage 2.0.1.0 Appx

Alias Move-SmbClient 2.0.0.0 SmbWitness

Alias Optimize-AppProvisionedPackages 3.0 Dism

Alias Optimize-ProvisionedAppPackages 3.0 Dism

Alias Optimize-ProvisionedAppxPackages 3.0 Dism

Alias Remove-AppPackage 2.0.1.0 Appx

Alias Remove-AppPackageVolume 2.0.1.0 Appx

Alias Remove-AppProvisionedPackage 3.0 Dism

Alias Remove-EtwTraceSession 1.0.0.0 EventTracingManagement

Alias Remove-ProvisionedAppPackage 3.0 Dism

Alias Remove-ProvisionedAppxPackage 3.0 Dism

Alias Remove-ProvisioningPackage 3.0 Provisioning

Alias Remove-TrustedProvisioningCertificate 3.0 Provisioning

Alias Set-AppPackageDefaultVolume 2.0.1.0 Appx

Alias Set-AppPackageProvisionedDataFile 3.0 Dism

Alias Set-AutologgerConfig 1.0.0.0 EventTracingManagement

Alias Set-EtwTraceSession 1.0.0.0 EventTracingManagement

Alias Set-PreferredLanguage 1.0 LanguagePackManagement

Alias Set-ProvisionedAppPackageDataFile 3.0 Dism

Alias Set-ProvisionedAppXDataFile 3.0 Dism

Alias Set-SystemLanguage 1.0 LanguagePackManagement

Alias Write-FileSystemCache 2.0.0.0 Storage

Function A:

Function Add-BCDataCacheExtension 1.0.0.0 BranchCache

Function Add-BitLockerKeyProtector 1.0.0.0 BitLocker

Function Add-DnsClientNrptRule 1.0.0.0 DnsClient

Function Add-DtcClusterTMMapping 1.0.0.0 MsDtc

Function Add-EtwTraceProvider 1.0.0.0 EventTracingManagement

Function Add-InitiatorIdToMaskingSet 2.0.0.0 Storage

Function Add-MpPreference 1.0 ConfigDefender

Function Add-MpPreference 1.0 Defender

Function Add-NetEventNetworkAdapter 1.0.0.0 NetEventPacketCapture

Function Add-NetEventPacketCaptureProvider 1.0.0.0 NetEventPacketCapture

Function Add-NetEventProvider 1.0.0.0 NetEventPacketCapture

Function Add-NetEventVFPProvider 1.0.0.0 NetEventPacketCapture

Function Add-NetEventVmNetworkAdapter 1.0.0.0 NetEventPacketCapture

Function Add-NetEventVmSwitch 1.0.0.0 NetEventPacketCapture

Function Add-NetEventVmSwitchProvider 1.0.0.0 NetEventPacketCapture

Function Add-NetEventWFPCaptureProvider 1.0.0.0 NetEventPacketCapture

Function Add-NetIPHttpsCertBinding 1.0.0.0 NetworkTransition

Function Add-NetLbfoTeamMember 2.0.0.0 NetLbfo

Function Add-NetLbfoTeamNic 2.0.0.0 NetLbfo

Function Add-NetNatExternalAddress 1.0.0.0 NetNat

Function Add-NetNatStaticMapping 1.0.0.0 NetNat

Function Add-NetSwitchTeamMember 1.0.0.0 NetSwitchTeam

Function Add-OdbcDsn 1.0.0.0 Wdac

Function Add-PartitionAccessPath 2.0.0.0 Storage

Function Add-PhysicalDisk 2.0.0.0 Storage

Function Add-Printer 1.1 PrintManagement

Function Add-PrinterDriver 1.1 PrintManagement

Function Add-PrinterPort 1.1 PrintManagement

Function Add-StorageFaultDomain 2.0.0.0 Storage

Function Add-TargetPortToMaskingSet 2.0.0.0 Storage

Function Add-VirtualDiskToMaskingSet 2.0.0.0 Storage

Function Add-VpnConnection 2.0.0.0 VpnClient

Function Add-VpnConnectionRoute 2.0.0.0 VpnClient

Function Add-VpnConnectionTriggerApplication 2.0.0.0 VpnClient

Function Add-VpnConnectionTriggerDnsConfiguration 2.0.0.0 VpnClient

Function Add-VpnConnectionTriggerTrustedNetwork 2.0.0.0 VpnClient

Function AfterAll 3.4.0 Pester

Function AfterEach 3.4.0 Pester

Function Assert-MockCalled 3.4.0 Pester

Function Assert-VerifiableMocks 3.4.0 Pester

Function B:

Function Backup-BitLockerKeyProtector 1.0.0.0 BitLocker

Function BackupToAAD-BitLockerKeyProtector 1.0.0.0 BitLocker

Function BeforeAll 3.4.0 Pester

Function BeforeEach 3.4.0 Pester

Function Block-FileShareAccess 2.0.0.0 Storage

Function Block-SmbShareAccess 2.0.0.0 SmbShare

Function C:

Function cd..

Function cd\

Function Clear-AssignedAccess 1.0.0.0 AssignedAccess

Function Clear-BCCache 1.0.0.0 BranchCache

Function Clear-BitLockerAutoUnlock 1.0.0.0 BitLocker

Function Clear-Disk 2.0.0.0 Storage

Function Clear-DnsClientCache 1.0.0.0 DnsClient

Function Clear-FileStorageTier 2.0.0.0 Storage

Function Clear-Host

Function Clear-PcsvDeviceLog 1.0.0.0 PcsvDevice

Function Clear-StorageBusDisk 1.0.0.0 StorageBusCache

Function Clear-StorageDiagnosticInfo 2.0.0.0 Storage

Function Close-SmbOpenFile 2.0.0.0 SmbShare

Function Close-SmbSession 2.0.0.0 SmbShare

Function Compress-Archive 1.0.1.0 Microsoft.PowerShell.Archive

Function Configuration 1.1 PSDesiredStateConfiguration

Function Connect-IscsiTarget 1.0.0.0 iSCSI

Function Connect-VirtualDisk 2.0.0.0 Storage

Function Context 3.4.0 Pester

Function ConvertFrom-SddlString 3.1.0.0 Microsoft.PowerShell.Utility