抽象工厂模式是一种创建型设计模式，它提供了一种方式来封装一组具有共同主题的单独工厂。抽象工厂模式通过提供一个超级工厂创建其他工厂的接口，使得客户端使用抽象的接口操作具体对象，从而实现客户端与具体工厂类解耦。
使用C++实现抽象工厂模式（Abstract Factory）下面是一个使用C++实现抽象工厂模式的例子：
#include <iostream>#include <string>// 抽象产品Aclass AbstractProductA {public:virtual ~AbstractProductA() {}virtual std::string use() = 0;};// 抽象产品Bclass AbstractProductB {public:virtual ~AbstractProductB() {}virtual std::string eat() = 0;};// 具体产品A1class ProductA1 : public AbstractProductA {public:std::string use() override {return "Using Product A1"; }};// 具体产品A2class ProductA2 : public AbstractProductA {public:std::string use() override {return "Using Product A2"; }};// 具体产品B1class ProductB1 : public AbstractProductB {public:std::string eat() override {return "Eating Product B1"; }};// 具体产品B2class ProductB2 : public AbstractProductB {public:std::string eat() override {return "Eating Product B2"; }};// 抽象工厂class AbstractFactory {public:virtual ~AbstractFactory() {}virtual AbstractProductA* createProductA() = 0;virtual AbstractProductB* createProductB() = 0;};// 具体工厂1class Factory1 : public AbstractFactory {public:AbstractProductA* createProductA() override {return new ProductA1(); }AbstractProductB* createProductB() override {return new ProductB1(); }};// 具体工厂2class Factory2 : public AbstractFactory {public:AbstractProductA* createProductA() override {return new ProductA2(); }AbstractProductB* createProductB() override {return new ProductB2(); }};// 客户端代码void clientCode(AbstractFactory* factory) { AbstractProductA* productA = factory->createProductA(); AbstractProductB* productB = factory->createProductB();std::cout << productA->use() << std::endl;std::cout << productB->eat() << std::endl;delete productA;delete productB;}int main() { AbstractFactory* factory1 = new Factory1(); AbstractFactory* factory2 = new Factory2();std::cout << "Using the products created by Factory 1:" << std::endl; clientCode(factory1);std::cout << "Using the products created by Factory 2:" << std::endl; clientCode(factory2);delete factory1;delete factory2;return 0;}运行结果如下所示：
image-20241012095327960在这个例子中，我们定义了两个抽象产品类AbstractProductA和AbstractProductB，以及两个具体产品类ProductA1和ProductA2、ProductB1和ProductB2。我们还定义了一个抽象工厂类AbstractFactory，以及两个具体工厂类Factory1和Factory2。
客户端代码使用抽象工厂接口来创建具体产品，并使用这些产品。通过使用抽象工厂模式，我们可以在不改变客户端代码的情况下，改变具体工厂类和具体产品类。
使用C#实现抽象工厂模式（Abstract Factory）namespace Abstract_Factory_Pattern{internal Program {public interface ILaptop {void ShowSpecs(); }public interface IDesktop {void ShowSpecs(); }// Apple 品牌的产品public AppleLaptop : ILaptop {public void ShowSpecs() { Console.WriteLine("Apple Laptop Specifications"); } }public AppleDesktop : IDesktop {public void ShowSpecs() { Console.WriteLine("Apple Desktop Specifications"); } }// Lenovo 品牌的产品public LenovoLaptop : ILaptop {public void ShowSpecs() { Console.WriteLine("Lenovo Laptop Specifications"); } }public LenovoDesktop : IDesktop {public void ShowSpecs() { Console.WriteLine("Lenovo Desktop Specifications"); } }public interface IComputerFactory {ILaptop CreateLaptop();IDesktop CreateDesktop(); }public AppleFactory : IComputerFactory {public ILaptop CreateLaptop() {return new AppleLaptop(); }public IDesktop CreateDesktop() {return new AppleDesktop(); } }public LenovoFactory : IComputerFactory {public ILaptop CreateLaptop() {return new LenovoLaptop(); }public IDesktop CreateDesktop() {return new LenovoDesktop(); } }static void Main(string[] args) {// 创建工厂 IComputerFactory appleFactory = new AppleFactory(); IComputerFactory lenovoFactory = new LenovoFactory();// 创建 Apple 产品的笔记本和台式机 ILaptop appleLaptop = appleFactory.CreateLaptop(); IDesktop appleDesktop = appleFactory.CreateDesktop(); appleLaptop.ShowSpecs(); appleDesktop.ShowSpecs();// 创建 Lenovo 产品的笔记本和台式机 ILaptop lenovoLaptop = lenovoFactory.CreateLaptop(); IDesktop lenovoDesktop = lenovoFactory.CreateDesktop(); lenovoLaptop.ShowSpecs(); lenovoDesktop.ShowSpecs(); } }}运行结果如下所示：
image-20241012151046022使用Java实现抽象工厂模式package src.Design_Patterns;public Abstract_Factory_Pattern {public interface Laptop {void showSpecs(); }public interface Desktop {void showSpecs(); }// Apple 品牌的产品public AppleLaptop implements Laptop {@Overridepublic void showSpecs() { System.out.println("Apple Laptop Specifications"); } }public AppleDesktop implements Desktop {@Overridepublic void showSpecs() { System.out.println("Apple Desktop Specifications"); } }// Lenovo 品牌的产品public LenovoLaptop implements Laptop {@Overridepublic void showSpecs() { System.out.println("Lenovo Laptop Specifications"); } }public LenovoDesktop implements Desktop {@Overridepublic void showSpecs() { System.out.println("Lenovo Desktop Specifications"); } }public interface ComputerFactory {Laptop createLaptop();Desktop createDesktop(); }public AppleFactory implements ComputerFactory {@Overridepublic Laptop createLaptop() {return new AppleLaptop(); }@Overridepublic Desktop createDesktop() {return new AppleDesktop(); } }public LenovoFactory implements ComputerFactory {@Overridepublic Laptop createLaptop() {return new LenovoLaptop(); }@Overridepublic Desktop createDesktop() {return new LenovoDesktop(); } }public void test(){// 创建工厂 ComputerFactory appleFactory = new AppleFactory(); ComputerFactory lenovoFactory = new LenovoFactory();// 创建 Apple 产品的笔记本和台式机 Laptop appleLaptop = appleFactory.createLaptop(); Desktop appleDesktop = appleFactory.createDesktop(); appleLaptop.showSpecs(); appleDesktop.showSpecs();// 创建 Lenovo 产品的笔记本和台式机 Laptop lenovoLaptop = lenovoFactory.createLaptop(); Desktop lenovoDesktop = lenovoFactory.createDesktop(); lenovoLaptop.showSpecs(); lenovoDesktop.showSpecs(); }public static void main(String[] args) { Abstract_Factory_Pattern afp = new Abstract_Factory_Pattern(); afp.test(); }}运行结果如下所示：
image-20241012152602182 