一、选择题
I wish I ______ a bird. Then I could fly in the sky.
A. am
B. were
C. is
D. was
答案:B
解析:本题考查虚拟语气中对现在的愿望的表达。当表达与现在事实不符的愿望时,从句谓语用过去式(be 动词用 were)。句意为 “我希望我是一只鸟,那样我就能在天空飞翔”,这是与现在事实不符的愿望,所以 be 动词用 were,故选 B。
She wishes she ______ to the concert last night.
A. went
B. has gone
C. had gone
D. would go
答案:C
解析:本题考查虚拟语气中对过去的愿望的表达。句意为 “她希望她昨晚去了那场音乐会”,“昨晚” 是过去的时间,表达与过去事实不符的愿望时,从句谓语用 had + 过去分词,所以这里用 had gone,故选 C。
I wish it ______ sunny tomorrow so that we can go out for a picnic.
A. will be
B. would be
C. is
D. was
答案:B
解析:本题考查虚拟语气中对将来的愿望的表达。句意为 “我希望明天天气晴朗,这样我们就能出去野餐”,是对将来的愿望,从句谓语用 would, could, might + 动词原形,这里用 would be,故选 B。
He wishes he ______ play the piano as well as his sister.
A. can
B. could
C. should
D. would
答案:B
解析:本题考查虚拟语气表达愿望的用法。句意为 “他希望他能像他妹妹一样弹钢琴弹得好”,这是与现在事实不符的愿望(因为实际上他弹得没妹妹好),从句谓语用过去式,can 的过去式是 could,所以选 B。
They wish they ______ more time to finish the project.
A. have
B. had
C. will have
D. would have
答案:B
解析:本题考查虚拟语气中对现在的愿望的表达。句意为 “他们希望有更多时间来完成这个项目”,这是与现在实际情况不符的愿望(即现在没有足够时间),从句谓语用过去式,have 的过去式是 had,所以选 B。
I wish I ______ what will happen in the future.
A. know
B. knew
C. will know
D. would know
答案:B
解析:本题考查虚拟语气中对现在的愿望的表达。句意为 “我希望我知道将来会发生什么”,这是与现在事实不符的愿望(因为实际上没人能确切知道将来的事),从句谓语用过去式,know 的过去式是 knew,所以选 B。
二、填空题
She wishes she ______ (be) taller so that she could join the basketball team.
答案:were
解析:本题考查虚拟语气中对现在的愿望的表达。当表达与现在事实不符的愿望时,从句谓语用过去式(be 动词用 were)。句子意思是 “她希望她更高,这样她就能加入篮球队”,这是与现在实际身高不符的愿望,所以填 were。
I wish I ______ (can) fly to the moon one day.
答案:could
解析:本题考查虚拟语气中对将来的愿望的表达。句意为 “我希望有一天我能飞到月球上去”,是对将来的愿望,从句谓语用 would, could, might + 动词原形,这里填 could。
He wishes he ______ (have) not made such a mistake in the exam last week.
答案:had
解析:本题考查虚拟语气中对过去的愿望的表达。句意为 “他希望他上周考试中没有犯这样的错误”,“上周” 是过去的时间,表达与过去事实不符的愿望时,从句谓语用 had + 过去分词,这里填 had(因为原句中 make 是过去分词形式 made)。
They wish they ______ (go) to the party last night.
答案:had gone
解析:本题考查虚拟语气中对过去的愿望的表达。句意为 “他们希望他们昨晚去了那个派对”,“昨晚” 是过去的时间,表达与过去事实不符的愿望时,从句谓语用 had + 过去分词,这里填 had gone。
I wish I ______ (see) the famous singer when he was in town last month.
答案:had seen
解析:本题考查虚拟语气中对过去的愿望的表达。句意为 “我希望我在上个月那位著名歌手在城里的时候见到了他”,“上个月” 是过去的时间,表达与过去事实不符的愿望时,从句谓语用 had + 过去分词,这里填 had seen。
三、改错题
I wish I am a superhero.
答案:I wish I were a superhero.
解析:本题考查虚拟语气中对现在的愿望的表达。当表达与现在事实不符的愿望时,从句谓语用过去式(be 动词用 were)。原句中说 “我希望我是超级英雄”,这显然与现实不符,所以应该把 am 改为 were。
She wishes she would went to the concert tomorrow.
答案:She wishes she would go to the concert tomorrow.
解析:本题考查虚拟语气中对将来的愿望的表达。从句谓语用 would, could, might + 动词原形,原句中 “would went” 用法错误,应该把 went 改为 go。
He wishes he have known the answer before the test.
答案:He wishes he had known the answer before the test.
解析:本题考查虚拟语气中对过去的愿望的表达。表达与过去事实不符的愿望时,从句谓语用 had + 过去分词,原句中 “have known” 错误,应该把 have 改为 had。
They wish they can play football better.
答案:They wish they could play football better.
解析:本题考查虚拟语气表达愿望的用法。这里是表达与现在事实不符的愿望(即他们实际上足球踢得没那么好),从句谓语用过去式,can 的过去式是 could,所以把 can 改为 could。
四、材料题
材料一:
Lucy 在日记中写道:“I wish I could travel around the world. I have always dreamed of seeing different places and cultures. But in reality, I don't have enough money and time.”
问题:
请分析这段话中虚拟语气的用法。
根据材料内容,判断 Lucy 对什么的愿望?并说明理由。
答案:
这段话中使用了虚拟语气来表达愿望。“I wish I could travel around the world.” 这一句,从句谓语用了 could + 动词原形(travel),是虚拟语气中对将来的愿望的表达,因为 Lucy 目前没有足够的钱和时间去实现环游世界这个愿望,所以用虚拟语气来表达她对将来能够实现这个愿望的一种期望。
Lucy 对将来能够环游世界的愿望。理由是她在日记中明确提到 “I wish I could travel around the world.”,且说明了在现实中她没有足够的钱和时间去实现这个愿望,所以可以判断是对将来实现环游世界这件事的愿望。
材料二:
John 说:“I wish I had studied harder for the exam last week. If I had done that, I might have got a better grade.”
问题:
请分析这句话中虚拟语气的用法。
根据材料内容,判断 John 对什么的愿望?并说明理由。
答案:
这句话使用了虚拟语气来表达与过去事实不符的愿望。“I wish I had studied harder for the exam last week.” 这一句,从句谓语用了 had + 过去分词(studied),这是虚拟语气中对过去的愿望的表达形式。“If I had done that, I might have got a better grade.” 这部分是进一步说明如果当时满足了那个愿望(即上周考试前更努力学习),可能会出现的结果(得到更好的成绩)。
John 对上周考试前更努力学习的愿望。理由是他明确说 “I wish I had studied harder for the exam last week.”,表达的是对过去(上周考试前)自己没有更努力学习这件事的一种后悔和希望当时能更努力学习的愿望。