每日一词malapropism

湖边时光课程 2025-02-08 12:20:41

malapropism - /'mæləprɑpɪzəm/ noun n. 文字误用;词语荒唐误用;荒唐的用词错误;指的是误用与正确词语发音相似但意义完全不同的词,导致滑稽或荒谬的效果。通常发生在说话或写作时,尤其是当人试图使用较复杂的词汇但选错词时。

malapropism

 1: the usually unintentionally humorous misuse or distortion of a word or phrase

  especially : the use of a word sounding somewhat like the one intended but ludicrously wrong in the context

  "Jesus healing those leopards" is an example of malapropism.

 2: malaprop

  例子:

  There is a malapropism in his paper. 他的文章里有一处被误用的词。

  This stirring appeal is spoilt by a malapropism in the last phrase, the word singularity. 这一激动人心的呼吁被最后一个词“奇异(singularity)”的误用破坏掉了。

  Without being a malapropism, a word may still fail to be the right word for the writer's purpose, the "mot juste". 排除了文字误用,一个词仍有可能无法准确传达作者的真实意图。

  经典例子(来自文学):

  在理查德·布林斯利·谢里丹(Richard Brinsley Sheridan)的戏剧 The Rivals(《对手》)中,角色 Mrs. Malaprop 误用词汇,例如:

  “Illiterate him quite from your memory.”(她想说的是 obliterate,即“抹去”,但误用了 illiterate,意为“不识字的”)

  这个角色的名字 Malaprop 也成为了这个现象的来源。

  日常例子:

  ❌ He is the pineapple of politeness.(想表达 pinnacle of politeness,即“礼貌的巅峰”,但误用了 pineapple“菠萝”)

  ❌ Texas has a lot of electrical votes.(想说 electoral votes“选举人票”,但误用了 electrical“电的”)

  ❌ She is a very pacific person.(想表达 specific person“特定的人”,但误用了 pacific“和平的”)

  网络新例:

  Cukor provides her with every leeway to make her slinky walk, squeaky voice and astonishing malapropisms count for every possible laugh.—Thr Staff, The Hollywood Reporter, 25 Dec. 2024

  There is so much of it — aside from the goofy malapropisms Dementus is given to, there isn’t a lot of dialogue.—Bill Goodykoontz, The Arizona Republic, 17 May 2024

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