南亚东南亚造像艺术专栏

南渚山房 刘冬

东南亚古代造像独立研究者

《南渚志》纪录片制片人《Southeast asia buddhist art sumatra&java suculptre 2022》

东南亚佛像苏门答腊与爪哇雕塑，作者黄岩博物馆《造像万千》台州博物馆《金木荟萃》策展人资深服饰配饰设计师德国红点设计奖获得者

Buddha Sitting Statue East Java

8-9th century

Material: alloy copper

Size: 13cm high

阿閦佛坐像

东爪哇 （公元8-9世纪）

材质：合金铜

尺寸：高 13厘米

东方不动佛，又称阿閦佛，梵音Akshobhya，又称不动如来，意译不动、无愤怒、无嗔恨。佛经《阿佛国经》上说:阿閦佛是东方妙喜世界的教主，密宗奉其为金刚界五智如来之住于东方者。为佛教密宗至高无上的本尊，是密宗最高阶层的佛。密宗所有的佛和菩萨皆自大日如来所出，大日如来是佛教密宗世界的根本佛，居于中央位置，统率着全部佛和菩萨；

这尊是东爪哇地区的造像作品，在艺术风格上传承于印度笈多萨尔纳特风格；此尊不动如来发髻隆起呈锥形，脸型圆润，双目低垂，面带微笑犹如孩童般，袒右肩袈裟，身躯敦厚，右手抚于膝盖之上，比较有特点的地方是其右手食指微屈，并未结触底印，这是笈多艺术早期的特点，左手结禅定印置于，结全跏趺坐于仰覆莲台之上，莲台上小下大，第一层为莲蕊，第二层仰覆莲瓣宽大，瓣尖翘起，上下错位排列，最底层圈足，整体厚重，皮壳温润。

孟加拉库米拉博物馆有一尊阿閦佛与此尊一致。唯一不同的是吉大港造像有悬空莲台底座，背光残缺，8-9世纪作品

此尊造像在南渚山房 《Southeast asia buddhist art sumatra&java suculptre 2022》东南亚佛像苏门答腊与爪哇雕塑著录，P136

Oriental Immortal Buddha, also known as Akshabhya Buddha and Sanskrit Sound Akshabhya, also known as Immortal Tathagata, translates immobility, no anger, no hatred. The Sutra of the Buddha Kingdom says: Buddha Akira is the leader of the Oriental Wonderful World, and the Tantric Sect regards him as the Five Wise Tathagatas of the Vajra Realm who live in the East. It is the supreme Buddha of Buddhism Tantrism, and the Buddha of the highest level of Tantrism. All Buddhas and Bodhisattvas of the Tantric Sect come from the Great Sun Tathagata, the fundamental Buddha of the Buddhist Tantric Sect world, which occupies the central position and commands all Buddhas and Bodhisattvas;

This is a statue work in East Java, which inherits the Gupta Sarnat style of India in its artistic style; The Immortal Tathagata's bun is conical, his face is round, his eyes droop, his smile looks like a child, his right shoulder is covered with cassock, his body is thick, and his right hand is stroked on his knee. What is more distinctive is that his right index finger is slightly bent, and he does not touch the bottom seal. This is the early feature of Gupta's art. His left hand is tied with a Zen seal, and he sits on the lotus platform with all his hands folded. The lotus platform is small and large, and the first layer is the lotus core, The second layer of upside down lotus petal is wide, the petal tip is cocked up, and it is staggered from top to bottom. The bottom layer encircles the feet. It is thick and the skin is warm.

The Naranta Buddha on the right of Chittagong Museum in Bangladesh is the same as this one. The only difference is that the statue in Chittagong has a suspended lotus platform base, and the backlight is incomplete. It is positioned from the 8th to the 9th century

东南亚古代造像艺术

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