原创 资深英语自由翻译 2024年10月22日 12:47 陕西
当我们纪念屈原时，我们在纪念什么？
What Do We Truly Honor When We Are Commemorating Qu Yuan?
屈原大夫提倡“美政”，主张对内修明法度，对外联齐抗秦，后遭贵族排挤，被流放至沅湘流域。但他像战士一样，坚守自我理想，践行君子之道，绝不允许世俗的秽气玷污自己高洁峻美的人格，绝不允许一丝松懈与放弃出现在自己的生命意志中。
Qu Yuan, a high-ranking official of the State of Chu, championed the concept of "benevolent and virtuous governance". He called for reforming the internal legal system and entering into an external alliance with the State of Qi to resist the aggression from the State of Qin. Later, having been ostracized by the aristocrats, he was exiled by King Huai of Chu to the Yuanjiang-Xiangjiang River Basin. However, like a valiant warrior, he upheld his ideals and followed the code of gentleman’s conducts to ensure that his noble and virtuous character was never be tarnished by the mundane impurities and his life’s mission kept away from a hint of slackness and abandonment.
屈原用自己的名字反映追求的道德标准。据《离骚》开篇，“父亲把我的名取为正则，把我的字叫作灵均。”“正则”即正直、正派，恪守做人原则；“灵均”指聪颖、智慧、公平、公正。在《橘颂》中，他又以橘树的“独立不迁”体现自己的人格情操：为了心中美好的理想，绝不同流合污，纵然死去也不后悔。他仿佛生活在楚国的高空，鸟瞰着世间纷纭的一切，心中洞明，却无能为力。
Qu Yuan’s name reflects the moral standards he pursued. According to the first lines of "Li Sao" (Encountering Sorrow) one of his works, "My father named me ‘Zhengze’ and my style name is ‘Lingjun’." "Zhengze" means honesty and uprightness, and adherence to one’s principles; “Lingjun” signifies intelligence, wisdom, fairness, and impartiality. In his poem “Jusong” (Ode to Oranges), he further embodied his personal integrity with the orange tree’s “independent and unyielding nature”: for the sake of his great ideals, he would never go along with the crowd, and he would have no regrets even if it meant death. It seemed he lived in the high sky of Chu Kingdom, overlooking the hustle and bustle of the world below with a clear mind but powerless to intervene.
屈原的千古之志，在于其文学作品和政治抱负无不站在人民的立场上。他的伟大之处，在于始终怀着强烈的忧国忧民的悲悯之心，始终怀着强烈的爱国之情。
Qu Yuan's enduring legacy lies in the fact that his literary works and political ambition were rooted in the interests of the people. His greatness lies in his unwavering compassion for his country and its people, as well as his everlasting love for his homeland.
他的事迹和作品之所以能和民众日常生活结合在一起，并成为一个重要传统节日的主要纪念对象，就是因为他的言行流露着对祖国、对人民、对故土文化无限的爱，其中深深蕴藏着民族精神和文化的持久力量。“国无人莫我知兮，又何怀乎故都？”屈原亦曾考虑过“何不去国”的问题，但他最终没有去国远游，这正体现了他对精神和文化的坚守。
The reason why his deeds and works resonate with the daily lives of the people and have become the central focus of an important traditional festival is that his words and deeds exude an enduring love for his country, his people, and his native culture. Deeply embedded with them lies the enduring strength of national spirit and culture. “No one in the country understands me, why should I yearn for the old capital?” Qu Yuan once pondered “why not leave the country?” However, he ultimately determined not to abandon his homeland, which epitomizes his unwavering commitment to his spirit and culture.
而今，每逢端午节，中国各地都突出祭祀屈原的主题，歌颂屈原正道直行、爱国爱民的精神，通过讲述端午节与屈原的故事、开展诗词吟诵和进行赛龙舟等活动，引领公众学习传统文化，厚植家国情怀。
Nowadays, during the Dragon Boat Festival, peple all over China highlight the theme of commemorating Qu Yuan, extolling his spirit of upholding righteousness and loving his country and people. Through activities such as storytelling about the Dragon Boat Festival and Qu Yuan, poetry recitations, and dragon boat races, the public is guide to learn about traditional culture and deep their sense of patriotism.
今天我们纪念屈原，是纪念屈原代表的传统中国士人直面生死、敢向未知勇猛叩击的“天问”精神。在长诗《天问》中，屈原从天地离分、阴阳变化、日月星辰等自然现象，一直问到神话传说乃至圣贤凶顽和治乱兴衰的历史故事，并从设问中表达自己的宇宙观念、历史观念和政治主张。不唯书，只唯实，敢于怀疑，敢于批判，这样的探索精神令人叹服。
Today, as we commemorate Qu Yuan, we celebrate the spirit of "Tianwen" (Questioning Heaven) that he embodies - the spirit of traditional Chinese literati who dared to face death and boldly challenge the unknown. In his epic poem "Tianwen", Qu Yuan delves into a profound exploration, ranging from the separation of heaven and earth, the changes of yin and yang, and the celestial movements of the sun and moon, to mythological legends and historical narratives of virtuous and wicked figures, triumphs and downfall. Through these questions, he expressed his own profound understanding of the universe, history, and political ideals. His spirit of of seeking truth from facts, daring to question, and daring to criticize is truly admirable.
中国行星探测任务名为“天问”，实际上表现了中国人对既有传统观念的批判精神和对科学真理的探索精神。没有对旧有观念的批判，就难以产生新的科学思想。《天问》给今人的启示，不仅是要怀疑传统的偏见和凝固的史观，更要在不断的批判和追问中，寻求思想突破和科技创新。
China’s planetary exploration mission, aptly named "Tianwen" (Questioning Heaven), embodies the Chinese people’s spirit of critical inquiry towards existing traditional concepts and our spirit of exploring scientific truths. Without challenging outdated concepts, new scientific ideas could hardly emerge. The poem ‘Tianwen’ offers profound insights for modern society, urging us to not only question traditional biases and stagnant historical perspectives but also continuously seek intellectual breakthroughs and technological innovations through relentless questioning and critical thinking.
“屈原”作为一种精神符号对中华民族共同体意识的构建，从过去到现在以至未来都发挥着非比寻常的作用。倘若没有屈原这样一位伟大的先贤，那么整个中国士人群体势必会缺少一种精神的力量，而中国历史也会失掉不少悲壮的色彩。
“Qu Yuan”, as a spiritual symbol, has played an extraordinary role in shaping the sense of community for the Chinese nation from the past to the present and even into the future. Without a great sage like Qu Yuan, the entire Chinese literati would have lacked a guiding spiritual force, and Chinese history would also have lost much of its tragic grandeur.
文明弦歌终不绝，屈子精神永流传。守正不守旧，尊古不复古，这是我们对传统文化充满自信的表达。
The melodies of civilization never cease to resonate, and the spirit of Qu Yuan will forever be passed down. Holding onto tradition without being bound by it, respecting antiquity without blindly imitating it - this is our confident expression of faith in our traditional culture.
